The
current
two
main
established
models
of
physics
are
not
only
mutually
non-convergent
but
also
individually
unable
to
explain
all
aspects
of
observed reality. As a result, neither can possibly have got things right.
This
means
that
the
complex
mathematics
constructed
from
and
around
these
models,
although
itself
undeniably
rigorous
and
self-consistent,
is
actually
very
eloquently
describing
something
which
is
wrong.
Because
it
perfectly
describes
the
reality
it
was
designed
for,
the
mathematics
is
clearly
not
the
problem
and
so,
instead,
we
need
to
look
to
the
underlying
physics.
However,
as
theoreticians
have
enthusiastically
embraced
a
mathematical
characterisation
of
the
real
world,
mathematics
has
now
become
firmly
established
as
the
driver
with
physics
taking
something
of
a
back
seat.
Because,
with
the
consensus
establishment
of
the
Standard
Model
and
General
Relativity,
physics
is
considered
to
have
been
largely
settled,
the
expectation
now
is
that
adjustments
to
the
mathematical
modelling
alone
will
resolve
everything
and
finally
provide
all
the
answers.
As
a
result,
the
science aspects of physics have effectively been frozen into the 1900s.
Now,
when
new
observations
are
made,
such
as
with
the
latest
deep
space
telescopes,
that
cannot
be
explained
within
the
current
established
models,
the
tendency
is
to
fix
things
by
modifying
the
mathematics
rather
than
by
questioning
the
underlying
physics.
If
the
mathematics
then
requires
the
addition
of
new
particles,
fields
or
forms
of
energy,
these
are
duly
added
into
the
existing
models
and
the
huge
intellectual
and
financial
resources
of
the
physics
community
immediately
redirects
into
searching
for
them
in
order
to
validate
the
fix.
Perhaps
unsurprisingly,
this
isn’t
working.
___
This
book
set
out
to
offer
a
different,
coherent
and
comprehensive
explanation
for
the
physics
of
the
atom
and
the
universe.
Atomic
structure,
proton
size,
nuclear
bonding,
matter
creation
and
the
birth
of
stars
are
all
explained
within
one
single
consistent
physics
and
in
terms
of
just
two
recognised
fundamental
particles
and
one
single
fundamental
force.
There
is
no
need
to
resort
to
complex
mathematical
interpretations
of
reality
in
order
to
account
for
seemingly
inexplicable
interactions
between hypothetical subatomic particles or fields.
The
limitations
of
the
complex
mainstream
models
in
accounting
for
areas
such
as
gravity,
antimatter,
galaxy
structure
and
dark
matter
plus
the
need
for
several
mutually
incongruent
and
situation-specific
versions
of
physics simply do not arise with the model presented here.
New
ideas
in
physics
currently
seem
to
be
mainly
aimed
at
trying
to
justify
the
old
ideas
and
huge
amounts
of
time
and
money
are
being
spent
in
the
process.
Changing
things
will
undoubtedly
be
a
very
slow
process
because
the
intellectual,
reputational
and
financial
investment
in
the
status
quo
is
huge.
However,
as
more
and
more
physicists
are
minded
to
challenge
the
established
narrative
and
take
a
fresh
look
at
the
world
in
terms
of
reality
and
observation
rather
than
from
a
largely
mathematical
and
consensus
perspective, it will undoubtedly eventually happen.
Although
doubtless
in
need
of
some
refinement,
the
model
presented
here
provides
rational
and
easily
understandable
explanations
for
the
way
the
real
world
works
at
a
time
when,
in
so
many
areas,
the
super-complex,
mathematical construct that is the Standard Model struggles or fails.
I
therefore
hope
that,
however
perfect
or
imperfect,
it
might
stimulate
others
to
consider
a
different
view
of
the
way
the
universe
works.
If
so,
then I will consider this book a resounding success.
Paul G Leader
29 Conclusion
The
current
two
main
established
models
of
physics
are
not
only
mutually
non-convergent
but
also
individually
unable
to
explain
all
aspects
of
observed reality. As a result, neither can possibly have got things right.
This
means
that
the
complex
mathematics
constructed
from
and
around
these
models,
although
itself
undeniably
rigorous
and
self-consistent,
is
actually
very
eloquently
describing
something
which
is
wrong.
Because
it
perfectly
describes
the
reality
it
was
designed
for,
the
mathematics
is
clearly
not the problem and so, instead, we need to look to the underlying physics.
However,
as
theoreticians
have
enthusiastically
embraced
a
mathematical
characterisation
of
the
real
world,
mathematics
has
now
become
firmly
established
as
the
driver
with
physics
taking
something
of
a
back
seat.
Because,
with
the
consensus
establishment
of
the
Standard
Model
and
General
Relativity,
physics
is
considered
to
have
been
largely
settled,
the
expectation
now
is
that
adjustments
to
the
mathematical
modelling
alone
will
resolve
everything
and
finally
provide
all
the
answers.
As
a
result,
the
science aspects of physics have effectively been frozen into the 1900s.
Now,
when
new
observations
are
made,
such
as
with
the
latest
deep
space
telescopes,
that
cannot
be
explained
within
the
current
established
models,
the
tendency
is
to
fix
things
by
modifying
the
mathematics
rather
than
by
questioning
the
underlying
physics.
If
the
mathematics
then
requires
the
addition
of
new
particles,
fields
or
forms
of
energy,
these
are
duly
added
into
the
existing
models
and
the
huge
intellectual
and
financial
resources
of
the
physics
community
immediately
redirects
into
searching
for
them
in
order to validate the fix. Perhaps unsurprisingly, this isn’t working.
___
This
book
set
out
to
offer
a
different,
coherent
and
comprehensive
explanation
for
the
physics
of
the
atom
and
the
universe.
Atomic
structure,
proton
size,
nuclear
bonding,
matter
creation
and
the
birth
of
stars
are
all
explained
within
one
single
consistent
physics
and
in
terms
of
just
two
recognised
fundamental
particles
and
one
single
fundamental
force.
There
is
no
need
to
resort
to
complex
mathematical
interpretations
of
reality
in
order
to
account
for
seemingly
inexplicable
interactions
between hypothetical subatomic particles or fields.
The
limitations
of
the
complex
mainstream
models
in
accounting
for
areas
such
as
gravity,
antimatter,
galaxy
structure
and
dark
matter
plus
the
need
for
several
mutually
incongruent
and
situation-specific
versions
of
physics
simply do not arise with the model presented here.
New
ideas
in
physics
currently
seem
to
be
mainly
aimed
at
trying
to
justify
the
old
ideas
and
huge
amounts
of
time
and
money
are
being
spent
in
the
process.
Changing
things
will
undoubtedly
be
a
very
slow
process
because
the
intellectual,
reputational
and
financial
investment
in
the
status
quo
is
huge.
However,
as
more
and
more
physicists
are
minded
to
challenge
the
established
narrative
and
take
a
fresh
look
at
the
world
in
terms
of
reality
and
observation
rather
than
from
a
largely
mathematical
and
consensus
perspective, it will undoubtedly eventually happen.
Although
doubtless
in
need
of
some
refinement,
the
model
presented
here
provides
rational
and
easily
understandable
explanations
for
the
way
the
real
world
works
at
a
time
when,
in
so
many
areas,
the
super-complex,
mathematical construct that is the Standard Model struggles or fails.
I
therefore
hope
that,
however
perfect
or
imperfect,
it
might
stimulate
others
to
consider
a
different
view
of
the
way
the
universe
works.
If
so,
then I will consider this book a resounding success.
Paul G Leader
29 Conclusion
The
current
two
main
established
models
of
physics
are
not
only
mutually
non-convergent
but
also
individually
unable
to
explain
all
aspects
of
observed
reality.
As
a
result,
neither
can
possibly
have
got
things right.
This
means
that
the
complex
mathematics
constructed
from
and
around
these
models,
although
itself
undeniably
rigorous
and
self-consistent,
is
actually
very
eloquently
describing
something
which
is
wrong.
Because
it
perfectly
describes
the
reality
it
was
designed
for,
the
mathematics
is
clearly
not
the
problem
and
so,
instead,
we
need
to
look
to
the
underlying physics.
However,
as
theoreticians
have
enthusiastically
embraced
a
mathematical
characterisation
of
the
real
world,
mathematics
has
now
become
firmly
established
as
the
driver
with
physics
taking
something
of
a
back
seat.
Because,
with
the
consensus
establishment
of
the
Standard
Model
and
General
Relativity,
physics
is
considered
to
have
been
largely
settled,
the
expectation
now
is
that
adjustments
to
the
mathematical
modelling
alone
will
resolve
everything
and
finally
provide
all
the
answers.
As
a
result,
the
science
aspects
of
physics
have
effectively been frozen into the 1900s.
Now,
when
new
observations
are
made,
such
as
with
the
latest
deep
space
telescopes,
that
cannot
be
explained
within
the
current
established
models,
the
tendency
is
to
fix
things
by
modifying
the
mathematics
rather
than
by
questioning
the
underlying
physics.
If
the
mathematics
then
requires
the
addition
of
new
particles,
fields
or
forms
of
energy,
these
are
duly
added
into
the
existing
models
and
the
huge
intellectual
and
financial
resources
of
the
physics
community
immediately
redirects
into
searching
for
them
in
order
to
validate
the
fix.
Perhaps unsurprisingly, this isn’t working.
___
This
book
set
out
to
offer
a
different,
coherent
and
comprehensive
explanation
for
the
physics
of
the
atom
and
the
universe.
Atomic
structure,
proton
size,
nuclear
bonding,
matter
creation
and
the
birth
of
stars
are
all
explained
within
one
single
consistent
physics
and
in
terms
of
just
two
recognised
fundamental
particles
and
one
single
fundamental
force.
There
is
no
need
to
resort
to
complex
mathematical
interpretations
of
reality
in
order
to
account
for
seemingly
inexplicable
interactions
between hypothetical subatomic particles or fields.
The
limitations
of
the
complex
mainstream
models
in
accounting
for
areas
such
as
gravity,
antimatter,
galaxy
structure
and
dark
matter
plus
the
need
for
several
mutually
incongruent
and
situation-specific
versions
of
physics
simply
do
not
arise
with
the
model presented here.
New
ideas
in
physics
currently
seem
to
be
mainly
aimed
at
trying
to
justify
the
old
ideas
and
huge
amounts
of
time
and
money
are
being
spent
in
the
process.
Changing
things
will
undoubtedly
be
a
very
slow
process
because
the
intellectual,
reputational
and
financial
investment
in
the
status
quo
is
huge.
However,
as
more
and
more
physicists
are
minded
to
challenge
the
established
narrative
and
take
a
fresh
look
at
the
world
in
terms
of
reality
and
observation
rather
than
from
a
largely
mathematical
and
consensus
perspective,
it
will
undoubtedly
eventually
happen.
Although
doubtless
in
need
of
some
refinement,
the
model
presented
here
provides
rational
and
easily
understandable
explanations
for
the
way
the
real
world
works
at
a
time
when,
in
so
many
areas,
the
super-complex,
mathematical
construct
that
is
the
Standard Model struggles or fails.
I
therefore
hope
that,
however
perfect
or
imperfect,
it
might
stimulate
others
to
consider
a
different
view
of
the
way
the
universe
works.
If
so,
then
I
will
consider this book a resounding success.
Paul G Leader
29 Conclusion
